8th Math NCERT Chapter 12
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Topics to study from the chapter on Factorisation:
1. Introduction to Factors of Natural Numbers:
– Natural numbers can be expressed as products of their factors, including prime factors, which can be further applied to algebraic expressions.
2. Factors of Algebraic Expressions:
– In algebraic expressions, terms are formed as products of irreducible factors, and expressions can be written in prime factor form.
3. Factorisation:
– The process of writing algebraic expressions as a product of factors which may include numbers, variables, or expressions.
4. Method of Common Factors:
– Factorising expressions through identifying and utilizing common factors to simplify the expressions.
5. Factorisation by Regrouping Terms:
– Rearranging terms within an expression to identify common factors and factorising accordingly.
By understanding these topics, students can effectively factorise algebraic expressions by identifying common factors and expressing them as a product of irreducible factors.
What are prime factors? Provide an example related to natural numbers.
Prime factors are the factors of a number that are prime numbers. For example, the prime factors of 30 are 2, 3, and 5 as 30 = 2 x 3 x 5.
Explain what is meant by irreducible factors in algebraic expressions.
Irreducible factors are factors within algebraic expressions that cannot be further expressed as a product of factors. For example, in the expression 5xy, the factors 5, x, and y are irreducible factors.
How can an algebraic expression be factorised? Provide a brief explanation.
To factorise an algebraic expression, it is written as a product of factors, which can be numbers, algebraic variables, or algebraic expressions. By finding common factors or using systematic methods, the expression can be broken down into its components.
Explain the method of common factors in factorisation with an example.
The method of common factors involves identifying factors that are common to all terms in an expression. For instance, to factorise 2x + 4, we find that 2 is common to both terms, leading to the factorised form of 2(x + 2).
Describe how factorisation by regrouping terms works with a specific example.
Factorisation by regrouping terms entails identifying common factors among different groupings of terms in an expression. For example, in 2xy + 2y + 3x + 3, regrouping yields 2y(x + 1) + 3(x + 1), where the common factor (x + 1) is extracted.
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