11th NCERT Political Science Part 2 Chapter 5

The Lok Sabha can control the executive more effectively than the Rajya Sabha because the Council of Ministers is responsible to the Lok Sabha and not the Rajya Sabha. Therefore, while Rajya Sabha can criticize the government, it does not have the power to remove it. Additionally, the Lok Sabha exercises powers related to money bills, which the Rajya Sabha cannot initiate, reject, or amend.

Yes, the Lok Sabha is more of a platform for the expression of popular sentiments and people's expectations. This is evident from the fact that the Council of Ministers is responsible to the Lok Sabha, and the Lok Sabha can effectively control the executive. The power of the Lok Sabha in controlling the purse strings further emphasizes its role as a representative body for the people's sentiments and expectations.

Apart from law making, the Parliament is engaged in various functions including legislative functions, control of the executive, ensuring accountability, financial functions related to taxation and budget approvals, representation of diverse views, debating functions, and more. Both Houses of Parliament have similar functions such as legislative functions, control of the executive, financial functions, representation, and debating functions.

The Rajya Sabha has special powers to protect the interests of States, especially in matters affecting the States. It has the responsibility to provide consent and approval in such cases. On the other hand, the Lok Sabha has exclusive powers related to money bills which the Rajya Sabha cannot initiate, reject, or amend. The Council of Ministers is accountable to the Lok Sabha, giving it additional executive control.

The Parliament follows a defined procedure for making laws. This includes the introduction of a bill in either House, detailed discussions, acceptance or rejection of the bill, review by the other House, potential joint sessions, and final approval by the President. The law-making process is technical and involves various stages like committee reports, debates, and final approval to become law.