11th NCERT Sociology Chapter 4

1. Culture

– Culture encompasses a complex blend of knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, and other capabilities acquired by people as members from society.

2. Socialisation

– Socialisation is the process where individuals integrate norms, values, and practices of a society through interactions within their community, family, and peer groups.

3. Normative Aspects of Culture

– This involves the set of rules that guide social behavior within a society, which can include customs, laws, morals, and other expectations governing how individuals should act.

4. Cognitive Aspects of Culture

– Cognitive aspects refer to the knowledge and cognitive processes that enable people to understand and function within their cultural environments.

5. Material Aspects of Culture

– These include tangible or physical elements like tools, clothes, technologies, and artworks, which people use to adapt to and modify their surroundings for sustainable living.

6. Culture and Identity

– Explores how culture impacts personal and collective identities, shaping how individuals see themselves and are perceived by others in their social interactions.

7. Diverse Settings, Different Cultures

– Examines how variations in physical settings influence cultural practices, reflecting on how geographical and environmental factors can shape distinct cultural norms and lifestyles.

Each topic provides a basis for understanding the intricate ways in which human actions are shaped by social structures and cultural perceptions.