6th Science NCERT Chapter 8

Luminous objects are objects that give out or emit light of their own. Examples include the sun and torch bulbs.

Transparent objects allow light to pass through clearly, like glass. Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through, like a chair. Translucent objects allow some light to pass through but not very clearly, like frosted glass.

Shadows can be used to identify objects by observing the shape of the shadow cast by the object. For example, in Activity 2, holding an opaque object in sunlight forms a shadow on the ground, allowing identification of the object based on its shadow.

To create a pinhole camera, two cardboard boxes are used with a small hole in one box and tracing paper in the other. This camera is used to project images of distant objects onto the tracing paper using sunlight. Its purpose is to demonstrate how light travels and forms images.

When looking at distant objects through a pinhole camera, the images seen are projected onto the tracing paper. These images may lack color and can be either erect or upside-down. The images seen in the pinhole camera differ from shadows cast by objects.