6th Social Science NCERT Chapter 4
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Topics to study from the chapter "What Books and Burials Tell Us" along with 1-2 lined summaries for each:
1. Vedas, including Rigveda: Composed about 3500 years ago, the Rigveda contains over a thousand hymns in praise of gods like Agni, Indra, and Soma, composed by sages and memorized meticulously7.
2. Sanskrit and Indo-European Languages: Sanskrit is part of the Indo-European language family, shared with languages like English, Hindi, and Persian, while other languages in India belong to different language families like Dravidian and Tibeto-Burman7.
3. Historical Study of Rigveda: Historians study the Rigveda to learn about ancient societies, analyzing both material remains and written sources like hymns that give insights into ancient customs and beliefs7.
4. Rituals and Society in the Rigveda: Battles described in the Rigveda were fought for cattle, land, water, and people, with wealth distributed among leaders, priests, and the populace, used for sacrifices and offerings to gods7.
5. Descriptions of People in the Rigveda: People in the Rigveda are described by their work such as priests (brahmins) and rulers (rajas), and as communities (jana) or clans (vish), with references to groups like Aryas, Dasas, and different tribes like Puru and Yadu7.
Who composed the hymns in the Rigveda?
The hymns in the Rigveda were composed by sages (rishis), with priests teaching students to recite and memorize them.
What are the names of the three important gods praised in the Rigveda?
The three important gods praised in the Rigveda are Agni, the god of fire; Indra, a warrior god; and Soma, a plant from which a special drink was prepared.
How did historians study the Rigveda according to the text?
Historians study the Rigveda by examining written sources in addition to material remains, analyzing hymns in dialogue form, like the one between the sage Vishvamitra and the rivers, to understand the society and context of the hymns.
What were some of the reasons battles were fought according to the Rigveda?
Battles in the Rigveda were fought for capturing cattle, land for pasture and growing crops, water, and people, with battles being important events where wealth obtained was distributed among leaders, priests, and the people.
Describe two groups of people mentioned in the Rigveda based on their work.
In the Rigveda, two groups of people based on their work are the priests (brahmins) who performed rituals and the rajas who were leaders in assemblies discussing matters of war and peace, with bravery and skill in warfare being valued.
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