6th Social Science NCERT Chapter 5
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– Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic: Men became rulers in the past through rituals like the ashvamedha or horse sacrifice, where rajas were recognized as powerful figures. The raja played a central role in these rituals, with various social categories like Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras involved7.
– Janapadas: Janapadas were lands where people settled down, and mahajanapadas were more important janapadas. People in these areas lived in settlements, practiced agriculture, and engaged in pottery making, with some janapadas evolving into mahajanapadas with fortified capital cities7.
– Taxes and Changes in Agriculture: Rulers of mahajanapadas collected regular taxes and maintained large armies, leading to changes in agriculture like the use of iron ploughshares and transplanting paddy for increased production. Magadha emerged as a powerful mahajanapada with skilled rulers and abundant resources7.
What ritual was used to recognise some men as rajas around 3000 years ago?
Who were the four social categories mentioned in the text and what were their expected roles?
What were the two major changes in agriculture mentioned in the text?
List two ways in which the rajas of the mahajanapadas were different from those mentioned in the Rigveda.
What resources are mentioned as being provided by hunters and gatherers?
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