7th Geography Ncert Chapter 3
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Important Topics to Study from the Chapter:
1. Endogenic and Exogenic Forces:
– Summary: Endogenic forces originate from the Earth's interior, causing movements like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Exogenic forces act on the Earth's surface, leading to erosion and deposition.
2. Plate Tectonics:
– Summary: Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that slowly move due to the circular movement of molten magma inside the Earth, resulting in changes on the Earth's surface.
3. Earthquakes:
– Summary: Earthquakes are caused by the movement of lithospheric plates, resulting in vibrations on the Earth's surface. The magnitude of earthquakes is measured using the Richter scale.
4. Volcanoes:
– Summary: Volcanoes are vents in the Earth's crust that erupt molten material. They are a result of forces within the Earth.
5. Landform Formation:
– Summary: Landforms are shaped by processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition by agents like water, wind, and ice. River erosion forms features like waterfalls, meanders, and deltas while sea waves create coastal landforms like sea caves.
Students can focus on these topics and their summaries to effectively revise the chapter on "Our Changing Earth" from the provided document.
What are the two types of forces that cause earth movements?
Endogenic forces and Exogenic forces
Define lithospheric plates.
The earth's crust consists of several large and some small, rigid, irregularly-shaped plates (slabs) which carry continents and the ocean floor.
What are the three types of earthquake waves?
1. P waves or longitudinal waves, 2. S waves or transverse waves, 3. L waves or surface waves
How is an earthquake's magnitude measured?
An earthquake is measured on the Richter scale. An earthquake of 2.0 or less can be felt only a little, while an earthquake over 5.0 can cause damage and a 6.0 or higher magnitude is considered very strong.
Describe the process of formation of a delta by a river.
As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a number of streams called distributaries. The river becomes slow, deposits its load, and each distributary forms its own mouth. The collection of sediments from all the mouths forms a delta.
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