Class 7th Science NCERT Chapter 11
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Based on the content of the chapter "Transportation in Animals and Plants" from the uploaded file, here are the important topics students should study along with a brief summary for each:
1. Circulatory System:
– Blood, comprising plasma and various cells, transports substances such as oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body.
– The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins to ensure the circulation of substances essential for the body's functions.
2. Blood Components:
– Red blood cells (RBCs) containing hemoglobin transport oxygen to cells, while white blood cells (WBCs) fight against germs.
– Platelets help in blood clot formation to stop bleeding from injuries.
3. Blood Vessels:
– Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, while veins return carbon dioxide-rich blood back to the heart.
– Capillaries facilitate exchange of substances between blood and tissues.
4. Heart Structure and Function:
– The heart has four chambers – two atria and two ventricles – to ensure the separation of oxygen-rich and carbon dioxide-rich blood.
– The heart's continuous beating rhythmically pumps blood to maintain circulation throughout the body.
5. Pulse and Heartbeat:
– The pulse rate, measured by counting thumping movements like the pulse, indicates the heart's beats per minute.
– The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles constitute a heartbeat, which can be felt or heard through a stethoscope.
6. Importance of Blood Donation:
– Voluntary blood donation can save lives by providing a vital resource for medical emergencies and treatments.
By focusing on these topics and their summaries, students can grasp the fundamental concepts of how transportation occurs in animals and plants through the circulatory system.
What is the function of red blood cells in the blood?
Red blood cells contain haemoglobin which binds with oxygen and transports it to all parts of the body.
Explain why the blood appears red in color.
The presence of the red pigment called haemoglobin in red blood cells makes the blood appear red. Haemoglobin binds with oxygen and is essential for efficient oxygen delivery to the body's cells.
Differentiate between arteries and veins based on their structure and function.
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all parts of the body at high pressure with thick elastic walls. Veins carry carbon dioxide-rich blood back to the heart with thin walls and contain valves to allow blood flow only towards the heart.
What is the function of platelets in the blood clotting process?
Platelets in the blood are responsible for the formation of clots to stop bleeding from cuts or injuries. They plug the cut and assist in the blood clotting process.
Describe the role of the heart in the circulatory system and explain its structure.
The heart acts as a pump continuously beating to transport blood and other substances throughout the body. It has four chambers – two atria and two ventricles – that help prevent the mixing of oxygen-rich and carbon dioxide-rich blood. The heart's rhythmic contractions and relaxations constitute a heartbeat that is vital for circulation.
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